Cognitive Biases

in Cognitive Biases

Well travelled road effect - underestimation of the duration taken to traverse oft-traveled routes and over-estimate the duration taken to traverse less familiar routes.

in Cognitive Biases

Survivorship bias - the tendency to concentrate on the people or things that "survived" some process and ignoring those that didn't, or arguing that a strategy is effective given the winners, while ignoring the large number of losers.

in Cognitive Biases

Positive outcome bias – the tendency to overestimate the probability of good things happening to them (see also wishful thinking, optimism bias, and valence effect).

in Cognitive Biases

Pareidolia – a vague and random stimulus (often an image or sound) is perceived as significant, e.g., seeing images of animals or faces in clouds, the man in the moon, and hearing hidden messages on records played in reverse.

in Cognitive Biases

Primacy effect – the tendency to weigh initial events more than subsequent events.

in Cognitive Biases

Recency effect – the tendency to weigh recent events more than earlier events (see also peak-end rule).

in Cognitive Biases

Disregard of regression toward the mean – the tendency to expect extreme performance to continue.

in Cognitive Biases

Stereotyping – expecting a member of a group to have certain characteristics without having actual information about that individual.

in Cognitive Biases

Subadditivity effect – the tendency to judge probability of the whole to be less than the probabilities of the parts.

in Cognitive Biases

Subjective validation – perception that something is true if a subject's belief demands it to be true. Also assigns perceived connections between coincidences.